If you’ve ever browsed a coin guide or flipped through an online coin listings, you’ve likely noticed terms like “Poor” and “Fair.” And if you’re new to the world of numismatics, you may be wondering what these terms mean. Understanding these grading terms will help you identify and value coins.
Grades
A coin’s grading refers to its condition and quality. It is based on the amount of wear and the quality of the design or strike. In the United States, common coin grading terms are Poor (Po), Fair (Fr), About Good (AG), Good (G), Very Good (VG), Fine (F), Very Fine (VF), Extra/Extremely Fine (EF or XF), Almost Uncirculated (AU), and Uncirculated (UNC).
Surface Preservation
The degree to which the coins surface has been preserved. This can be determined by examining the surfaces and comparing them to the grading chart.
Proof : A proof coin is struck with polished dies and flans to achieve high relief and fine detail. It is more difficult to find than an uncirculated coin and can be expensive.
Adjustment Marks
Some coins can have small, straight striations or file marks caused during planchet preparation. These are not uncommon in early United States coins and may indicate a quality issue.
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